树莓派安装archlinux

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安装步骤 官网wiki

  1. Start fdisk to partition the SD card:

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    fdisk /dev/sdX

  2. At the fdisk prompt, delete old partitions and create a new one:

    1. Type o. This will clear out any partitions on the drive.
    2. Type p to list partitions. There should be no partitions left.
    3. Type n, then p for primary, 1 for the first partition on the drive, press ENTER to accept the default first sector, then type +100M for the last sector.
    4. Type t, then c to set the first partition to type W95 FAT32 (LBA).
    5. Type n, then p for primary, 2 for the second partition on the drive, and then press ENTER twice to accept the default first and last sector.
    6. Write the partition table and exit by typing w.

  3. Create and mount the FAT filesystem:

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    mkfs.vfat /dev/sdX1
    mkdir boot
    mount /dev/sdX1 boot

  4. Create and mount the ext4 filesystem:

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    mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX2
    mkdir root
    mount /dev/sdX2 root

  5. Download and extract the root filesystem (as root, not via sudo):

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    #这种方法下载的是2代的固件是32的，可能无法发挥cpu的全部性能，换到下面的连接可以安装专门为pi3编译的64位架构固件：）但是换成64的固件之后会有另外一个问题就是pi3自带的蓝牙&wifi模块是找不到驱动的
    wget http://os.archlinuxarm.org/os/ArchLinuxARM-rpi-2-latest.tar.gz
    #http://os.archlinuxarm.org/os/ArchLinuxARM-rpi-3-latest.tar.gz
    bsdtar -xpf ArchLinuxARM-rpi-2-latest.tar.gz -C root
    sync

  6. Move boot files to the first partition:

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    mv root/boot/* boot

  7. Unmount the two partitions:

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    umount boot root

  8. Insert the SD card into the Raspberry Pi, connect ethernet, and apply 5V power.

  9. Use the serial console or SSH to the IP address given to the board by your router.

    • Login as the default user alarm with the password alarm.
    • The default root password is root.

关于第五步使用两个镜像的区别已经简要说明了这里贴一下原文：

Ive just loaded the latest arch image on one of my Pi3’s and have the same problem. Currently wifi works using a USB dongle but not the onboard wifi.

EDIT:

Just reposting here in case someone else finds this thread. The current RPi3 image is using the 64bit kernel, as yet there is no driver available for the on board Wifi or Bluetooth using this kenel. The driver is provided by Broadcom and currently they haven’t released it. In the mean time the RPi2 image can be used as that is still using the 32bit kernel.

See: https://archlinuxarm.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=65&t=11158

初始化工作

  1. 首先是使用alarm用户名alarm密码登陆系统

  2. 使用su切换为root，密码为root（之所以使用切换是因为默认禁止root远程登录,建议登陆之后）

  3. u对于使用的pi3 64位的用户来说archlinux是没有wifi模块支持的 : (

    1. 如果使用的是32位image wifi的配置方式如下

    2. The deprecated netcfg used /etc/network.d/ to store profiles. The successor of netcfg is netctl.

      In order to setup a wireless network, install netctl using sudo pacman -S netctl. Next, you have to create a network profile. /etc/netctl/examples/ contains some examples. Let’s assume you want to setup a WPA2-PSK network. Simply copy over the example file and start editing:

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      > /etc/netctl# install -m640 examples/wireless-wpa wireless-home
      > /etc/netctl# cat wireless-home
      > Description='A simple WPA encrypted wireless connection'
      > Interface=wlan0
      > Connection=wireless
      > Security=wpa
      >
      > IP=dhcp
      >
      > ESSID='MyNetwork'
      > # Prepend hexadecimal keys with \"
      > # If your key starts with ", write it as '""<key>"'
      > # See also: the section on special quoting rules in netctl.profile(5)
      > Key='WirelessKey'
      > # Uncomment this if your ssid is hidden
      > #Hidden=yes
      >

      Edit MyNetwork and WirelessKey as needed. Note the 640 permissions, you do not want to leak your wireless passphrase to the world!

      Proceed with testing:

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      > # netctl start wireless-home
      >

      If you do not get an error, you should be connected. Let’s test this:

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      > $ ping 8.8.8.8
      >

      To make this network start on boot:

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      > # netctl enable wireless-home
      >

  4. 需要修改镜像地址不然的话巨慢，有如下几种方式：

    1. /etc/pacman.conf下面新增[archlinuxcn]/nServer = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinuxcn/$arch
    2. 修改/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist Server = http://mirrors.163.com/archlinuxarm/$arch/$repo 主要是将海外的镜像源修改为网易的镜像地址

  5. 同步pacman仓库信息 pacman -Syy && pacman -Syu S表示同步远端package，yy表示强制刷新package databases，之后的u是为了升级过时的包，如果跳过这一步可能的后果就是本地数据与远端数据不一致，例如本地显示rsync 为1.1版本而镜像地址为1.2这样就会打印出找不到这个包的错误

  6. 以下为我首先安装的包

    1. git vim htop tmux bash-completion netcat samba go

一些文档

To be continued…

转载请注明来源链接 http://just4fun.im/2017/08/20/树莓派安装archlinux/ 尊重知识,谢谢:)